Short note space

In this case study, I investigate the performance of a 4-phase interleaved boost converter using MATLAB Simulink. This type of DC-DC converter architecture is widely used in high-efficiency power systems due to its improved current sharing and reduced output ripple. Each phase of the converter is symmetrically designed using identical passive components: Inductors: L₁ = L₂ = L₃ = L₄ = 1.5 mH Capacitors: C₁ = C₂ = 200 μF The converter supplies an inductive load that draws a constant output current of 5 A. The input voltage is fixed at 30 V, and the converter is operated at a duty cycle (D) of 0.6. The primary simulation objectives are to analyze: The voltage gain of the converter, The output voltage ripple characteristics, And the phase current sharing behavior under these operating conditions. Simulink design of 4-phase interleaved boost converter Simulink inputs and output of design Through this design and simulation, the following steady state waveforms can be evaluated: Load voltage...

In this project, I used the ESP32 WROOM-32 development board in combination with the Neo-6M GPS module to acquire real-time satellite-based location data. The hardware components were interconnected using hardware serial (UART) to ensure reliable communication between the ESP32 and the GPS module. The wiring setup is illustrated below. Neo-6M GPS Module     |      ESP32 WROOM-32        Vcc      =====>   VIN (3.3V) GND   =====>     GND     TX      =====>    GPIO16     RX     =====>   GPIO17 Snapshot of the NEO-6M GPS Module used in this project: Front View of the NEO-6M GPS Module Backside of the NEO-6M GPS Module Snapshot of the ESP32 WROOM-32 Arduino board used in this project: After the interconnecting these two boards you have to follow following procedures. Install TinyGPS++ library: Open Ardui...

Food is a fundamental necessity for human survival, leading to the expansion of crop cultivation beyond traditional rural areas into urban environments. Urban farming presents several advantages, including access to fresh, organic produce and the creation of new job opportunities. However, despite these benefits, urban agriculture faces notable challenges. Organic foods are often more expensive, and the success of urban farming initiatives can be hampered by insufficient space for plant growth, insufficient knowledge, inadequate conditions for plant growth, and significant environmental changes driven by global development. To address these challenges, this research focuses on leveraging Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques to enhance urban farming practices. By applying AI, it is possible to optimize growing conditions, predict and manage plant needs, and adapt to changing environmental factors. AI can also help streamline operations and reduce costs, making urban farming more viab...

Abstract Multiprotocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a versatile network technology that enhances the performance, reliability, and scalability of data traffic management. This article explores a case study of MPLS, detailing its architecture and key components, such as Provider Edge (PE) Routers and Provider (P) Routers. It highlights the benefits of MPLS including simplified connectivity deployment, protocol efficiency, and improved performance. Through practical analysis and examples, this content provides a comprehensive understanding of MPLS networks, their implementation, and their role in modern telecom infrastructure. Introduction Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) is a pivotal routing technique primarily utilized in telecommunication networks. In this case study, all telecom network nodes are located in specialized core rooms that maintain strict environmental conditions and uninterrupted power to ensure reliable performance. These core rooms are geographically distributed to m...

Here, I used a different method to represent hourly data across various dates. I converted specific dates to common dates and then plotted the time series data on a 24-hour time frame along the x-axis, with traffic patterns on the y-axis.  import os import pandas as pd import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from datetime import datetime import matplotlib.dates import matplotlib.dates as md path = 'datasheet.csv' data = pd.read_csv(path) data.head() # Convert data to DataFrame df = pd.DataFrame({'Date&Time': data['Date'] , 'DL': data['DL']/1000000000, 'UL': data['UL']/1000000000}) # Replace all Date&Time with '02/02/2024' df['Date&Time'] = '02/02/2024 ' + df['Date&Time'].str.split(' ', expand=True)[1] # Convert 'Date&Time' column to datetime format df['Formated_Date'] = pd.to_datetime(df['Date&Time'], format='%m/%d/%Y %H:%M...

First, we must identify the various activities that must be carried out in constructing a two-story house and group them into suitable work breakdown structures (WBS). The following figure indicates the WBS of this sample project and appropriate implementation periods for each activity. Note that the project has to complete within 12 months as a condition. Therefore, we have to be very careful when scheduling the duration of activities in order to complete the project on time. The next step is to build a project using a computer program. Here I used MS Project software and the following figure shows the Project plan and the status of activities completed. The red color activities and arrows indicate the critical path of the project. Path activities have to be completed between the exact period in order to hand over the project on time.

  In this instructional video, I guide you through the crucial process of establishing network connectivity between a CentOS Virtual Machine (VM) running on VMware Player and a Windows 10 host computer. This skill is fundamental for various practical and industrial applications, ensuring seamless communication between systems. Subsequently, I demonstrate the step-by-step installation of the Apache server, a pivotal component for web hosting. To enhance your understanding, I walk you through the deployment of a straightforward webpage on the Apache server, providing practical insights into web hosting capabilities. Mastering these essential processes empowers you to optimize connectivity and elevate your server's functionality for diverse applications.

  In this episode, I’m going to guide you through the process of creating a shared folder between your host computer and a virtual machine (VM). This is a common challenge, as many people struggle with sharing files seamlessly between their host system and a VM. To address this issue, I’ll be demonstrating how to set up a shared folder using VMware Workstation Player, which will allow you to access files from both the host computer and the virtual machine. Having a shared folder is particularly useful for Linux beginners who are working on their lessons or projects within a virtual environment. By creating this shared folder, you’ll have a convenient way to transfer files, collaborate across different systems, and keep your work organized. This setup not only simplifies the process of file sharing but also enhances your workflow, as you won’t need to rely on external drives or other complicated methods to move files between the host and the VM. Moreover, we’ll be using this shared ...

This comprehensive video course series is dedicated to imparting essential skills in Linux server handling and web hosting. The primary goal is to offer a user-friendly and practical learning experience. The content delves into the intricacies of creating a virtual machine using VMware, providing step-by-step guidance on the installation process for CentOS 8. A significant aspect covered in this series is the exploration of package installations, including the crucial step of checking repositories. Through a blend of theoretical explanations and hands-on examples, viewers gain a solid foundation in server administration. The structured instructions ensure a seamless learning journey, enabling individuals to effortlessly follow and implement the demonstrated procedures.

The main objective of NFV is to move network functions from dedicated hardware appliances to software running on commodity servers, storage devices, and switches, using standard IT virtualization technologies. The main benefits of NFV are increased flexibility, scalability, and cost-effectiveness in network infrastructure. With NFV, network functions can be dynamically provisioned, scaled up or down, and migrated across different physical servers and data centers. This enables network operators to respond more quickly to changing traffic patterns and service demands, without the need for manual configuration and hardware upgrades. Figure 1a Figure 1b NFV is often used in conjunction with Software-Defined Networking (SDN) for transmission, which provides a centralized control plane for managing network traffic flows and policies. Together, NFV and SDN can help network operators create more agile, efficient, and scalable networks that can adapt to the changing needs of modern applicati...

ADDING PARTITIONS, FILE SYSTEMS, AND PERSISTENT MOUNTS The following flow chart indicates adding partitioning, file systems, and creating mount points for partitioning on Linux systems in a very short format and this is able to understand easily the complex process of Linux storage management. LOGICAL VOLUME MANAGEMENT (LVM) CONCEPTS The following flow chart indicates the LVM concepts very shortly on Linux systems.

  Significant sections of the Research Article How to write an Abstract? The abstract section is very important for the scientific paper because it represents all the contents briefly of a paper and the reader will decide whether or not to read the whole article. This is written by summarizing the introduction section. It has to briefly include the  problem, method, findings, and conclusion usually in the factual or past tense. How to write an Introduction? Start with a broad overview of the research scope. You have to provide a general background of the field or topic. Then you write a  literature survey about the topic. It does a critical analysis of the existing research on a specific topic. The next step is explaining a problem statement or research gaps . Then you can be writing  research objectives to provide the solution to the given problem statement or research gaps. Finally write scope and limitations that explain how the limitations may have affec...

A Network Operation Center (NOC) is a centralized facility where IT professionals monitor, manage, and maintain network systems around the clock. Acting as the command center for network performance and security, a NOC ensures seamless communication, stability, and efficiency across an organization’s infrastructure. NOCs are responsible for a range of critical tasks, including: Monitoring network devices and data flows Maintaining system health and software updates Troubleshooting and identifying network anomalies Rectification of errors and service disruptions Escalating issues to higher-level support teams Supervising and organizing system operations A NOC can be either internally managed by the organization or outsourced to a managed service provider (MSP). The choice depends on factors such as company size, network complexity, and operational budget. NOC Performances Metrics and KPIs Who Needs a NOC? Organizations with large-scale or mission-critical networks—such as telecom pr...